@article {2882,
	title = {Failed Escape: Solid Surfaces Prevent Tumbling ofEscherichia coli},
	journal = {Physical review letters },
	volume = {113},
	number = {6},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {068103},
	abstract = {Understanding how bacteria move close to surfaces is crucial for a broad range of microbial processes including biofilm formation, bacterial dispersion, and pathogenic infections. We used digital holographic microscopy to capture a large number (\&gt;103) of three-dimensional Escherichia coli\&nbsp;trajectories near and far from a surface. We found that within\&nbsp;20\&thinsp;\&thinsp;μm\&nbsp;from a surface tumbles are suppressed by 50\% and reorientations are largely confined to surface-parallel directions, preventing escape of bacteria from the near-surface region. A hydrodynamic model indicates that the tumble suppression is likely due to a surface-induced reduction in the hydrodynamic force responsible for the flagellar unbundling that causes tumbling. These findings imply that tumbling does not provide an effective means to escape trapping near surfaces.},
	url = {http://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.068103},
	author = {Molaei,Mehdi and Barry, Michael and Stocker, Roman and Sheng, Jian}
}
